GONG/H-alpha WCS Keyword Improvements

On or about October 16, 2024, the National Weather Service will deploy an update to the processing of GONG near real time space weather data that will yield additional and more standardized World Coordinate System (WCS) information in the GONG H-alpha FITS file headers.  The existing WCSNAME, CTYPE1 and CTYPE2 header keywords will be modified to reflect a Helioprojective-cartesian WCS, and the following new keywords will be added: CDELT1, CDELT2, CUNIT1, CUNIT2, CROTA1, CROTA2, SOLAR_R and TIMESYS.  These changes better define the relationship between image pixels and solar coordinates, allowing users to more easily relate positions on the observed images to locations on the Sun.  

The following table provides excerpts from the beginning of an example header, before (right) and after (left) this change is implemented.  The areas highlighted in green represent modifications to existing entries, while those highlighted in orange reflect new entries not previously included.  The eight greyed out lines have been added here purely to align entries and aid in this visual comparison.

SIMPLE =                    T / Fits standard                                  

BITPIX =                   16 / Bits per pixel                                 

NAXIS  =                    2 / Number of axes                                 

NAXIS1 =                 2048 / Axis length                                    

NAXIS2 =                 2048 / Axis length                                    

EXTEND =                    T / File may contain extensions                    

GONGKEY1= '--------- Gong Keywords Section 1: Solarsoft ----------------'       

ORIGIN  = 'National Solar Observatory -- GONG' / FITS file originator           

OBS-SITE= 'NSO/GONG NETWORK'   / Instrument Site location                       

TELESCOP= 'NSO-GONG'           / NSO/GONG Network                               

OBS-URL = 'http://gong.nso.edu' / The GONG website                              

DATE    = '2024-10-03T09:37:02' / Date FITS file was generated                  

DATE-OBS= '2024-10-03T09:35:42' / Observation start date and time (UTC)         

TIME-OBS= '17:35:43'           / Observation start time (UTC)                   

WAVELNTH=             6562.808 / [A] exact wavelength of obs                    

WCSNAME = 'Helioprojective-cartesian' / WCS system name

CTYPE1  = 'HPLN-TAN'           / Axis 1 gives helioprojective westward angle

CTYPE2  = 'HPLT-TAN'           / Axis 2 gives helioprojective northward angle

CRPIX1  =               1024.5 / Pixel corresponding to Sun's center on axis 1

CRPIX2  =               1024.5 / Pixel corresponding to Sun's center on axis 2

CRVAL1  =              0.00000 / Helioprojective westward angle at CRPIX1

CRVAL2  =              0.00000 / Helioprojective northward angle at CRPIX2

CDELT1  =       1.065717083395 / Angular change per pixel along axis 1

CDELT2  =       1.065717083395 / Angular change per pixel along axis 2

CUNIT1  = 'arcsec  '           / Units of CRVAL1 and CDELT1

CUNIT2  = 'arcsec  '           / Units of CRVAL2 and CDELT2

CROTA1  =                  0.0 / [deg] Counter-clockwise rotation of axis 1

CROTA2  =                  0.0 / [deg] Counter-clockwise rotation of axis 2

TIMESYS = 'UTC     '           / Time Scale specification

SOLAR_R =     959.145375055823 / [arcsec] solar semi-diameter

EPH_RA  =         -2.970422793 / Right Acension (radians)                       

EPH_DEC =         -0.073735784 / Declination (radians)                          

IMTYPE  = 'H-ALPHA '                                                            

IMGMN01 =       1798.370971680 / Image mean                                     

IMGRMS01=       1457.310424805 / Image RMS (Standard Deviation)                 

IMGSKW01=         -0.329404384 / Image skewness                                 

IMGMIN01=                   -2 / Image Min                                      

IMGMAX01=                 5333 / Image Max                                      

IMGADV01=       1415.644531250 / Image Average Deviation                        

IMGVAR01=    2123753.750000000 / Image Variance                                 

IMGKUR01=         -1.760743022 / Image Kurtosis

 

SIMPLE =                    T / Fits standard                              

BITPIX =                   16 / Bits per pixel                                 

NAXIS  =                    2 / Number of axes                                 

NAXIS1 =                 2048 / Axis length                                    

NAXIS2 =                 2048 / Axis length                                    

EXTEND =                    T / File may contain extensions                    

GONGKEY1= '--------- Gong Keywords Section 1: Solarsoft ----------------'       

ORIGIN  = 'National Solar Observatory -- GONG' / FITS file originator           

OBS-SITE= 'NSO/GONG NETWORK'   / Instrument Site location                       

TELESCOP= 'NSO-GONG'           / NSO/GONG Network                               

OBS-URL = 'http://gong.nso.edu' / The GONG website                              

DATE    = '2024-10-03T09:36:18' / Date FITS file was generated                  

DATE-OBS= '2024-10-03T09:35:42' / Observation start date and time (UTC)         

TIME-OBS= '17:35:43'           / Observation start time (UTC)                   

WAVELNTH=             6562.808 / [A] exact wavelength of obs                    

WCSNAME = 'Heliocentric-cartesian (approximate)'

CTYPE1  = 'GONGX   '           / Coordinate Axis Label

CTYPE2  = 'GONGY   '           / Coordinate Axis Label

CRVAL1  =              0.00000 / Reference Pixel value

CRVAL2  =              0.00000 / Reference Pixel value

CRPIX1  =               1024.0

CRPIX2  =               1024.0

                                                                             

                                                                             

                                                                             

                                                                             

                                                                             

                                                                             

                                                                             

                                                                             

EPH_RA  =         -2.970422793 / Right Acension (radians)                       

EPH_DEC =         -0.073735784 / Declination (radians)                          

IMTYPE  = 'H-ALPHA '                                                            

IMGMN01 =       1798.370971680 / Image mean                                     

IMGRMS01=       1457.310424805 / Image RMS (Standard Deviation)                 

IMGSKW01=         -0.329404384 / Image skewness                                 

IMGMIN01=                   -2 / Image Min                                      

IMGMAX01=                 5333 / Image Max                                      

IMGADV01=       1415.644531250 / Image Average Deviation                        

IMGVAR01=    2123753.750000000 / Image Variance                                 

IMGKUR01=         -1.760743022 / Image Kurtosis